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UAV Autonomous Unmanned Aerial Vehicles > science application for UAV
 
 
drewg
Heliman
Location:

Here is my story: I am the supervisor of autonomous vehicle operations at a marine science institute. I run a small unmanned, untethered submarine (autonomous underwater vehicle or AUV) in support of the scientists at our facility. I've also built and am learning to fly an ECO-16. Well, one of the scientists here saw it, and asked about doing some aerial photography or remote sensing from it, so I spec'd him a maxi-Joker with all the fixins for this year's proposal cycle, and lo and behold the budget got approved. Hoping to keep it under $5K -- the concept is "low cost aerial platform for oceanographic research". The Neural Robotics equipment is just outside of low cost for this application.

I intend to outfit the aircraft with an FMA copilot to ease piloting chores and camera/gps/attitude sensor combo in order to get geo-referenced images, the idea would be to take photos of different water masses meeting in the ocean from about 300'. Operations will be over water and may involve taking off and landing from a small ship.

Doesn't really qualify as UAV to me as I don't anticipate autonomous operations in the near future but it is not out of the question.

Interested in any input...

cheers,
dg
12-11-2003 Over year old.
 
 
MPA
Elite Veteran
Location: Australia

Quote 
I run a small unmanned, untethered submarine (autonomous underwater vehicle or AUV)


Dont suppse youve got any pics of it.
I cant seem to find any sites with detailed onfo on them and we are considering do it here.
There is possibly more potential for a UUV / AUV in Aus than a UAV.
And no CASA air regulator to stuff it all up for everyone like they have for UAV.
12-12-2003 Over year old.
HOMEPAGE  
 
 
Dave_D
Key Veteran
Location: Philippines

Wouldn't a tethered weather balloon be easier for this job.

I dunno... 300' in open ocean seems pretty hostile for a joker if you ask me. The weather out in open ocean will be a lot more than you bargained for compared to flying over dry land.
12-12-2003 Over year old.
 
 
Spitfire_mk5
Key Veteran
Location: Canada

im in the same boat (no pun intended) here i will be trying to use a 90 size for photgraphy of snowmelt and atmospheric mesurement in the canadian artic (im just an undergrad who can fly -- not my project; but its work ).

i am replacing the weather ballon as they tried that last year and found it unsatisfactory as the wind would cause it to drift badly and took a long time to raise and lower as well has having very limited wind handleing capablility

not quite a UAV either but it appears that helis for reasearch may be a wave of the future! (just hope they work -- good luck on your project)
12-12-2003 Over year old.
HOMEPAGE  
 
 
aaronredbaron
Senior Heliman
Location: West Linn, OR, USA

a blimp can't do it

what do you get when you cross a blimp a helicopter and a sailboat? check out this completely new concept in lighter than air flight, interestingly, many of the weather ossilations close to the water caused by waves are vertical, and they don't effect us as much as fixed or rotary. It flies like a sailboat in the air in that if you have enough keel force (motor power) to counteract the wind you can maintain control. they aren't autonomous either but much better than a balloon
www.windcrafterinc.com
12-17-2003 Over year old.
HOMEPAGE  
 
 
PullPitch
Senior Heliman
Location: Bend, OR

Maxi Joker

DG,

Is the Maxi Joker a CCPM ship? FMA is supposed to release a CCPM compatable Co-Pilot. Not shure if it is out yet, not shure if it will work well.

I don't think you want to be the guine pig.

I have heard conflicting reports about wether the standard Co-Pilot is reliable. I have heard stories of a persons heat signature confusing the Co-Pilot. The result is a quick death roll as you approach the LZ. I can't confirm this. Talk to John @ Airfoilhelicam.com. They used Co-Pilots in the past for aerial photography and have gone away from them.

I am envious of your career. I hope to employ UAVs in my career someday (highway design).

PullPitch
www.skybercam.com
12-17-2003 Over year old.
HOMEPAGE  
 
 
Optech
Key Veteran
Location: Vista/Oceanside, CA.

I have been using a Co-pilot on our camera ship with good success. Personally, I think over the ocean would the perfect environment for one. There will be no trees, buildings, sloping terrain, concrete masses etc... to confuse the sensor. In really windy conditions, I should say blustery(turbulent) conditions, you sometimes end up fighting for control and/or are constantly adjusting the sensitivity. Steady wind conditions are not so bad.

The one problem I do see in this application will be how to calibrate the sensor. Each day you have to lay the helicopter on its side so that the sensor can see a definite temperature differential between the ground and the sky. You then have to level the helicopter, stand well back, then move the cyclic stick to let the sensor know its "level". I put small bubble level on the frame under the swashplate then use rocks or sticks to "level" the heli. I don't see how your going to be able to do this while rocking and rolling at sea. I'm sure you could rig up something to get the temperature difference but I don't see how you could do the "leveling" set-up. I don't know what your scenario is but you could calibrate on a pier or something before heading out????

On another note, we are also using a video overlay with a GPS sensor to display the altitude, position, speed and such. However, the GPS keeps losing lock which freezes up the overlay text or puts funny characters on screen. Its such that I have taken it off the ship for now as its basically useless.

Here's a recent pic of our ship;


You can see the Co-pilot on a mount just in front of the swashplate. The GPS sensor is on the tail. Its the Garmin 35HV. We chose that one because of its WAAS capability thinking we could get better accuracy and the receiver and antenna are one piece. Its mounted so far out to get out from under the carbon blades but it still loses lock.

My question would be is there a better sensor or GPS antenna system so that we could maintain lock? Not long ago I was able to witness a Schiebel CamCopter crew working. I noticed that they had two little 2inx2in square GPS antennas for their autopilot. They were even mounted about half way out putting them under the rotor disc. Unfortunately, I didn't want to get in their way so I wasn't able to ask too many questions but they did say that they had very good GPS lock. Their system sure worked well from what I saw.

Mike

Viva La Airtronics!
12-17-2003 Over year old.
 
 
drewg
Heliman
Location:

FMA, GPS, etc...

Interesting point regarding leveling the FMA, I wasn't aware of that part of the calibration procedure. We can probably work around it, by calibrating before we leave the dock, keeping power to the unit with a power supply, then transferring the load to battery just before take-off. We've worked with inertial navigation systems on the AUV which also require a stable base for initialization and we follow a similar procedure. In general I am hypothesizing that the surface of the ocean will provide an ideal IR reference, although I suppose I'll have to watch out for the warm stacks of the ship...Point taken regarding taking delivery of serial number 1 of the CCPM compatible Co-pilot, also regarding weather limitations of the system.

GPS is something we've dealt with on the submarine -- the antenna is a big issue for us in a wave-swept environment. A big problem is when the receiver has outdated ephemeris information and attempts to download new information from a satellite, if it is interrupted (by a wave passing over the antenna for example) then it tries to start over, a process which can go on for a long time when seas are high. I don't yet have any experience trying to acquire a fix underneath a moving rotor. I haven't had much in the way of good experiences with the Garmin 25 receiver, don't know about the 35.

I'll look around for a good image of the sub to post, if its not too off-topic.

dg
12-17-2003 Over year old.
 
 
cyber-flyer
Senior Heliman
Location: Boston, MA

GPS

Quote 
My question would be is there a better sensor or GPS antenna system so that we could maintain lock?

I have Garmin's Gecko 201 mounted on a small tray next to the main shaft of the X-Cell gasser with CF blades - never had a problem reading coordinates off it.
Regards,
cyber-flyer
12-17-2003 Over year old.
HOMEPAGE  
 
 
Spitfire_mk5
Key Veteran
Location: Canada

Quote 
You can mount the GPS antenna under the rotor blades without a problem


Good to know; phoned Garmin a couple days ago about this they said their GPS wont work through CF or metal but they weren't sure about the spinning rotor interfering with the signal.
12-17-2003 Over year old.
HOMEPAGE  
 
 
Optech
Key Veteran
Location: Vista/Oceanside, CA.

Mike F.

The EDIT: "Garmin 16" (NOT 35) is a self contained OEM unit. The power input is part of the cable so I broke those wires out and connected them directly to a power connector. There are no contacts. This plus the fact that it is not under the rotor blades you would think I would not have a problem???

Mike

Viva La Airtronics!
12-17-2003 Over year old.
 
 
ehx
Senior Heliman
Location: Northern Minnesota

GPS and heli blades

Heli blades, be they model-size or full-size, don't have much
affect on GPS performance. I've done a fair amount of work with
GPS and model and full-sized helis where high accuracy was
required meaning carrier phase processing where cm-level position
and < 0.5 degree attitude was needed. The blades were basically a
non-issue.

For my work I need more capable equipment so I haven't used
the model 35, but I have strapped a GPSMAP76 to a Logo 20 and
flew a baseball diamond a few times - recording a one second track
log - just to show someone that GPS does work under heli blades.
The tracklog was just as good as if I had walked the bases. If you
have a small handheld you may want to try this just to help isolate
the problem.


As I was just about to hit send I see it's not the 35, but the 16.
In that case the problem could be WAAS reception problems
caused by the (tail) rotor blades. Basically Garmin doesn't handle
WAAS signal disruption very well so if you have WAAS enabled
try it with WAAS disabled.
12-17-2003 Over year old.
 
 
flyboyElite Veteran - Location: California -
Same story, a Geko (less than two ounces when taken out of the case and hooked up to a li poly battery) Garmins $100 dollar unit mounted just behind the tail attachment, and it works like a charm.


12-17-2003 Over year old.
 
 
ELOSSAM
Veteran
Location: Es

quote:
I don't see how you could do the "leveling" set-up. I don't know what your scenario is but you could calibrate on a pier or something before heading out????

Mike, seem to be there is a way to do it. The only thing the co-pilot needs to end the calibration procedure is to have the same reading values on the four sensors. You normally try to do it leveling the heli as close as possible to the level surface (your Horizon) If you get the same reading for all four the your heli will be leveled with the co-pilot. Well you can cover the four sensors with some kind of material during the final calibration stage i.e a ceramic cover like a cup of coffee so you block their readings to the external IR references.
That´s basically what its designer tolds me time ago when asking him about a way to avoid daily calibrations.

To be tru I never tried it but what I did was to get the best level I was able a day with optimum IR temp differences (a10 points reading) and use this calibration since this day (last Jannuary 2003) If there is a day with poor IR difference I increase the remote gain and that´s and in case of a day with much better IR difference I can lower the remote gain solves to solve the problem.

Elossam
12-17-2003 Over year old.
HOMEPAGE  
 
 
Spencer K
Senior Heliman
Location: Phoenix, Az

carrier landings

the challenge of landing a heli on a ship may be as hard as landing a plane on a pitching carrier. i know full scale helis slam into the deck of a ship, but i wouldnt want to be slamming my research model!
12-31-2003 Over year old.
 
 
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